My MacBook Pro kernel panics daily. I have clean-installed Mavericks yet it's not fixed. Could you tell me what is wrong from these reports?
panic(cpu 0 caller 0xffffff8006adbf5e): Kernel trap at 0xffffff8006aa4090, type 14=page fault, registers:
CR0: 0x0000000080010033, CR2: 0x0000000000000074, CR3: 0x000000006c53606a, CR4: 0x00000000000606e0
RAX: 0xffffff80070d0320, RBX: 0x0000000000000060, RCX: 0x0000000000000060, RDX: 0x000000000000006c
RSP: 0xffffff809a56bd00, RBP: 0xffffff809a56bd20, RSI: 0xffffff800cc5c440, RDI: 0xffffff80070d0920
R8: 0xffffff800ced37f8, R9: 0xffffff800ce68140, R10: 0x000000010a0b8000, R11: 0x00007fff93155c90
R12: 0x0000000000000000, R13: 0xffffff801da5e0e0, R14: 0x000000000000009f, R15: 0xffffff800ce68140
RFL: 0x0000000000010296, RIP: 0xffffff8006aa4090, CS: 0x0000000000000008, SS: 0x0000000000000000
Fault CR2: 0x0000000000000074, Error code: 0x0000000000000002, Fault CPU: 0x0
Backtrace (CPU 0), Frame : Return Address
0xffffff809a56b990 : 0xffffff8006a22fa9
0xffffff809a56ba10 : 0xffffff8006adbf5e
0xffffff809a56bbe0 : 0xffffff8006af3456
0xffffff809a56bc00 : 0xffffff8006aa4090
0xffffff809a56bd20 : 0xffffff8006aa4d35
0xffffff809a56bd50 : 0xffffff8006a78e03
0xffffff809a56bf20 : 0xffffff8006adc39c
0xffffff809a56bfb0 : 0xffffff8006af335b
BSD process name corresponding to current thread: com.apple.WebKit
Mac OS version:
13D65
Kernel version:
Darwin Kernel Version 13.2.0: Thu Apr 17 23:03:13 PDT 2014; root:xnu-2422.100.13~1/RELEASE_X86_64
Kernel UUID: ADD73AE6-88B0-32FB-A8BB-4F7C8BE4092E
Kernel slide: 0x0000000006800000
Kernel text base: 0xffffff8006a00000
System model name: MacBookPro8,2 (Mac-94245A3940C91C80)
System uptime in nanoseconds: 160319367955
last loaded kext at 57897334464: com.apple.driver.AudioAUUC 1.60 (addr 0xffffff7f88547000, size 28672)
loaded kexts:
com.kerio.kext.kvnet 8.3.0
com.apple.driver.AudioAUUC 1.60
com.apple.driver.AppleHWSensor 1.9.5d0
com.apple.iokit.IOUserEthernet 1.0.0d1
com.apple.iokit.IOBluetoothSerialManager 4.2.4f1
com.apple.driver.AppleMikeyHIDDriver 124
com.apple.driver.AppleHDAHardwareConfigDriver 2.6.1f2
com.apple.kext.AMDFramebuffer 1.2.2
com.apple.driver.AppleTyMCEDriver 1.0.2d2
com.apple.driver.AGPM 100.14.15
com.apple.driver.AppleUpstreamUserClient 3.5.13
com.apple.driver.ApplePolicyControl 3.5.26
com.apple.Dont_Steal_Mac_OS_X 7.0.0
com.apple.driver.AppleMikeyDriver 2.6.1f2
com.apple.driver.AppleHDA 2.6.1f2
com.apple.AMDRadeonX3000 1.2.2
com.apple.driver.AppleIntelHD3000Graphics 8.2.4
com.apple.driver.AppleHWAccess 1
com.apple.driver.AppleBacklight 170.3.5
com.apple.iokit.IOBluetoothUSBDFU 4.2.4f1
com.apple.driver.AppleThunderboltIP 1.1.2
com.apple.driver.AppleLPC 1.7.0
com.apple.driver.AppleSMCLMU 2.0.4d1
com.apple.kext.AMD6000Controller 1.2.2
com.apple.driver.AppleIntelSNBGraphicsFB 8.2.4
com.apple.driver.AppleIntelMCEReporter 104
com.apple.driver.AppleMCCSControl 1.1.12
com.apple.iokit.BroadcomBluetoothHostControllerUSBTransport 4.2.4f1
com.apple.driver.AppleSMCPDRC 1.0.0
com.apple.driver.AppleMuxControl 3.5.26
com.apple.driver.SMCMotionSensor 3.0.4d1
com.apple.driver.ACPI_SMC_PlatformPlugin 1.0.0
com.apple.filesystems.autofs 3.0
com.apple.driver.AppleUSBTCButtons 240.2
com.apple.driver.AppleUSBTCKeyEventDriver 240.2
com.apple.driver.AppleUSBTCKeyboard 240.2
com.apple.driver.AppleIRController 325.7
com.apple.iokit.SCSITaskUserClient 3.6.6
com.apple.driver.AppleFileSystemDriver 3.0.1
com.apple.driver.XsanFilter 404
com.apple.BootCache 35
com.apple.AppleFSCompression.AppleFSCompressionTypeZlib 1.0.0d1
com.apple.driver.AppleUSBHub 666.4.0
com.apple.AppleFSCompression.AppleFSCompressionTypeDataless 1.0.0d1
com.apple.iokit.IOAHCIBlockStorage 2.5.1
com.apple.driver.AppleSDXC 1.5.2
com.apple.iokit.AppleBCM5701Ethernet 3.8.1b2
com.apple.driver.AirPort.Brcm4331 700.20.22
com.apple.driver.AppleFWOHCI 5.0.2
com.apple.driver.AppleUSBEHCI 660.4.0
com.apple.driver.AppleUSBUHCI 656.4.1
com.apple.driver.AppleAHCIPort 3.0.0
com.apple.driver.AppleSmartBatteryManager 161.0.0
com.apple.driver.AppleACPIButtons 2.0
com.apple.driver.AppleRTC 2.0
com.apple.driver.AppleHPET 1.8
com.apple.driver.AppleSMBIOS 2.1
com.apple.driver.AppleACPIEC 2.0
com.apple.driver.AppleAPIC 1.7
com.apple.driver.AppleIntelCPUPowerManagementClient 217.92.1
com.apple.security.quarantine 3
com.apple.nke.applicationfirewall 153
com.apple.driver.AppleIntelCPUPowerManagement 217.92.1
com.apple.iokit.IOSurface 91.1
com.apple.iokit.IOSerialFamily 10.0.7
com.apple.iokit.IOBluetoothFamily 4.2.4f1
com.apple.driver.DspFuncLib 2.6.1f2
com.apple.vecLib.kext 1.0.0
com.apple.iokit.IOAudioFamily 1.9.7fc2
com.apple.kext.OSvKernDSPLib 1.14
com.apple.iokit.IOAcceleratorFamily 98.20
com.apple.driver.AppleHDAController 2.6.1f2
com.apple.iokit.IOHDAFamily 2.6.1f2
com.apple.kext.AMDSupport 1.2.2
com.apple.AppleGraphicsDeviceControl 3.5.26
com.apple.iokit.IOFireWireIP 2.2.6
com.apple.driver.AppleSMBusController 1.0.11d1
com.apple.iokit.IOBluetoothHostControllerUSBTransport 4.2.4f1
com.apple.driver.AppleSMBusPCI 1.0.12d1
com.apple.driver.AppleBacklightExpert 1.0.4
com.apple.iokit.IONDRVSupport 2.4.1
com.apple.driver.AppleGraphicsControl 3.5.26
com.apple.iokit.IOGraphicsFamily 2.4.1
com.apple.driver.AppleSMC 3.1.8
com.apple.driver.IOPlatformPluginLegacy 1.0.0
com.apple.driver.IOPlatformPluginFamily 5.7.0d11
com.apple.driver.AppleThunderboltEDMSink 2.1.3
com.apple.driver.AppleThunderboltDPOutAdapter 3.1.7
com.apple.kext.triggers 1.0
com.apple.driver.AppleThunderboltDPInAdapter 3.1.7
com.apple.driver.AppleThunderboltDPAdapterFamily 3.1.7
com.apple.driver.AppleThunderboltPCIDownAdapter 1.4.5
com.apple.driver.AppleUSBMultitouch 240.9
com.apple.iokit.IOUSBHIDDriver 660.4.0
com.apple.driver.AppleUSBMergeNub 650.4.0
com.apple.driver.AppleUSBComposite 656.4.1
com.apple.iokit.IOSCSIMultimediaCommandsDevice 3.6.6
com.apple.iokit.IOBDStorageFamily 1.7
com.apple.iokit.IODVDStorageFamily 1.7.1
com.apple.iokit.IOCDStorageFamily 1.7.1
com.apple.driver.AppleThunderboltNHI 2.0.1
com.apple.iokit.IOThunderboltFamily 3.2.7
com.apple.iokit.IOAHCISerialATAPI 2.6.1
com.apple.iokit.IOSCSIArchitectureModelFamily 3.6.6
com.apple.iokit.IOEthernetAVBController 1.0.3b4
com.apple.driver.mDNSOffloadUserClient 1.0.1b5
com.apple.iokit.IOUSBUserClient 660.4.2
com.apple.iokit.IO80211Family 630.35
com.apple.iokit.IONetworkingFamily 3.2
com.apple.iokit.IOFireWireFamily 4.5.5
com.apple.driver.AppleEFINVRAM 2.0
com.apple.iokit.IOUSBFamily 677.4.0
com.apple.iokit.IOAHCIFamily 2.6.5
com.apple.driver.AppleEFIRuntime 2.0
com.apple.iokit.IOHIDFamily 2.0.0
com.apple.iokit.IOSMBusFamily 1.1
com.apple.security.TMSafetyNet 7
com.apple.security.sandbox 278.11
com.apple.kext.AppleMatch 1.0.0d1
com.apple.iokit.IOReportFamily 23
com.apple.driver.DiskImages 371.1
com.apple.iokit.IOStorageFamily 1.9
com.apple.driver.AppleKeyStore 2
com.apple.driver.AppleFDEKeyStore 28.30
com.apple.driver.AppleACPIPlatform 2.0
com.apple.iokit.IOPCIFamily 2.9
com.apple.iokit.IOACPIFamily 1.4
com.apple.kec.pthread 1
com.apple.kec.corecrypto 1.0
Model: MacBookPro8,2, BootROM MBP81.0047.B27, 4 processors, Intel Core i7, 2.2 GHz, 4 GB, SMC 1.69f3
Graphics: Intel HD Graphics 3000, Intel HD Graphics 3000, Built-In, 384 MB
Graphics: AMD Radeon HD 6750M, AMD Radeon HD 6750M, PCIe, 512 MB
Memory Module: BANK 0/DIMM0, 2 GB, DDR3, 1333 MHz, 0x80AD, 0x484D54333235533642465238432D48392020
Memory Module: BANK 1/DIMM0, 2 GB, DDR3, 1333 MHz, 0x80AD, 0x484D54333235533642465238432D48392020
AirPort: spairport_wireless_card_type_airport_extreme (0x14E4, 0xD6), Broadcom BCM43xx 1.0 (5.106.98.100.22)
Bluetooth: Version 4.2.4f1 13674, 3 services, 23 devices, 1 incoming serial ports
Network Service: Wi-Fi, AirPort, en1
Serial ATA Device: ST9500325ASG, 500.11 GB
Serial ATA Device: HL-DT-ST DVDRW GS31N
USB Device: FaceTime HD Camera (Built-in)
USB Device: Hub
USB Device: BRCM2070 Hub
USB Device: Bluetooth USB Host Controller
USB Device: Apple Internal Keyboard / Trackpad
USB Device: Hub
USB Device: IR Receiver
Thunderbolt Bus: MacBook Pro, Apple Inc., 22.1
This macbook pro was updated to Yosemite and the kernel panic occurred, then it's downgraded to 10.9.3, and now I clean-installed 10.9.2 on it to see if the problem went away but it's still there.
I deleted AudioAUUC.kext but it's still happening. here is the new kernel panic report:
Anonymous UUID: 22AA7F8A-E769-8811-63C8-C86C0903F315
Wed Feb 18 13:54:24 2015
panic(cpu 2 caller 0xffffff80070dbe2e): Kernel trap at 0xffffff80070a3f40, type 14=page fault, registers:
CR0: 0x0000000080010033, CR2: 0x0000000000000014, CR3: 0x0000000049bb404e, CR4: 0x00000000000606e0
RAX: 0xffffff80076d0320, RBX: 0x0000000000000054, RCX: 0x0000000000000054, RDX: 0x000000000000000c
RSP: 0xffffff808625b350, RBP: 0xffffff808625b370, RSI: 0xffffff800d150440, RDI: 0xffffff80076d0860
R8: 0xffffff800d2b73f8, R9: 0xffffff800d3264a0, R10: 0xffffff807206e314, R11: 0xffffff807206e004
R12: 0x0000000000000003, R13: 0x0000000000000000, R14: 0x000000000000012b, R15: 0xffffff800d3264a0
RFL: 0x0000000000010292, RIP: 0xffffff80070a3f40, CS: 0x0000000000000008, SS: 0x0000000000000000
Fault CR2: 0x0000000000000014, Error code: 0x0000000000000002, Fault CPU: 0x2
Backtrace (CPU 2), Frame : Return Address
0xffffff808625afe0 : 0xffffff8007022fa9
0xffffff808625b060 : 0xffffff80070dbe2e
0xffffff808625b230 : 0xffffff80070f3326
0xffffff808625b250 : 0xffffff80070a3f40
0xffffff808625b370 : 0xffffff800707b183
0xffffff808625b440 : 0xffffff800707bd5a
0xffffff808625b470 : 0xffffff800702aaa9
0xffffff808625b4a0 : 0xffffff800702b179
0xffffff808625b4d0 : 0xffffff7f88b059d8
0xffffff808625b4f0 : 0xffffff800747075b
0xffffff808625b520 : 0xffffff80074704b8
0xffffff808625b5e0 : 0xffffff7f88b0604d
0xffffff808625b770 : 0xffffff7f88b07414
0xffffff808625b800 : 0xffffff7f88b075d4
0xffffff808625b850 : 0xffffff8007214e81
0xffffff808625b8a0 : 0xffffff8007214ad7
0xffffff808625b950 : 0xffffff800736fc63
0xffffff808625ba10 : 0xffffff80071ffab7
0xffffff808625ba80 : 0xffffff800743813c
0xffffff808625bb20 : 0xffffff800706d464
0xffffff808625bb70 : 0xffffff800706c8c3
0xffffff808625bbb0 : 0xffffff8007074ee2
0xffffff808625bd50 : 0xffffff80070787a4
0xffffff808625bf20 : 0xffffff80070dc26c
0xffffff808625bfb0 : 0xffffff80070f322b
Kernel Extensions in backtrace:
com.apple.AppleFSCompression.AppleFSCompressionTypeZlib(1.0d1)[E163B7AE-F6E5-3286-B827-66DB3FE3DB7B]@0xffffff7f88b05000->0xffffff7f88b08fff
BSD process name corresponding to current thread: Safari
Mac OS version:
13C64
Kernel version:
Darwin Kernel Version 13.1.0: Thu Jan 16 19:40:37 PST 2014; root:xnu-2422.90.20~2/RELEASE_X86_64
Kernel UUID: 9FEA8EDC-B629-3ED2-A1A3-6521A1885953
Kernel slide: 0x0000000006e00000
Kernel text base: 0xffffff8007000000
System model name: MacBookPro8,2 (Mac-94245A3940C91C80)
System uptime in nanoseconds: 69091994061
last loaded kext at 42277356075: com.apple.driver.AppleHWSensor 1.9.5d0 (addr 0xffffff7f88a02000, size 36864)
loaded kexts:
com.apple.driver.AppleHWSensor 1.9.5d0
com.apple.driver.AppleHDAHardwareConfigDriver 2.6.0f1
com.apple.driver.AppleTyMCEDriver 1.0.2d2
com.apple.driver.AGPM 100.14.15
com.apple.driver.AppleMikeyHIDDriver 124
com.apple.driver.AppleHDA 2.6.0f1
com.apple.filesystems.autofs 3.0
com.apple.iokit.IOBluetoothSerialManager 4.2.3f10
com.apple.driver.ApplePolicyControl 3.4.35
com.apple.driver.AppleMikeyDriver 2.6.0f1
com.apple.driver.AppleUpstreamUserClient 3.5.13
com.apple.kext.AMDFramebuffer 1.2.0
com.apple.iokit.IOUserEthernet 1.0.0d1
com.apple.driver.AppleIntelHD3000Graphics 8.2.4
com.apple.AMDRadeonX3000 1.2.0
com.apple.iokit.IOBluetoothUSBDFU 4.2.3f10
com.apple.driver.AppleBacklight 170.3.5
com.apple.Dont_Steal_Mac_OS_X 7.0.0
com.apple.iokit.BroadcomBluetoothHostControllerUSBTransport 4.2.3f10
com.apple.driver.AppleLPC 1.7.0
com.apple.driver.AppleSMCPDRC 1.0.0
com.apple.driver.AppleMCCSControl 1.1.12
com.apple.driver.AppleSMCLMU 2.0.4d1
com.apple.driver.SMCMotionSensor 3.0.4d1
com.apple.driver.AppleHWAccess 1
com.apple.driver.AppleMuxControl 3.4.35
com.apple.driver.ACPI_SMC_PlatformPlugin 1.0.0
com.apple.kext.AMD6000Controller 1.2.0
com.apple.driver.AppleIntelSNBGraphicsFB 8.2.4
com.apple.driver.AppleIntelMCEReporter 104
com.apple.driver.AppleThunderboltIP 1.1.2
com.apple.driver.AppleUSBTCButtons 240.2
com.apple.driver.AppleUSBTCKeyEventDriver 240.2
com.apple.driver.AppleUSBTCKeyboard 240.2
com.apple.driver.AppleIRController 325.7
com.apple.driver.AppleFileSystemDriver 3.0.1
com.apple.AppleFSCompression.AppleFSCompressionTypeDataless 1.0.0d1
com.apple.AppleFSCompression.AppleFSCompressionTypeZlib 1.0.0d1
com.apple.BootCache 35
com.apple.iokit.SCSITaskUserClient 3.6.6
com.apple.driver.XsanFilter 404
com.apple.driver.AppleUSBHub 666.4.0
com.apple.iokit.IOAHCIBlockStorage 2.5.1
com.apple.driver.AppleSDXC 1.5.2
com.apple.iokit.AppleBCM5701Ethernet 3.8.1b2
com.apple.driver.AirPort.Brcm4331 700.20.22
com.apple.driver.AppleFWOHCI 4.9.9
com.apple.driver.AppleAHCIPort 3.0.0
com.apple.driver.AppleUSBEHCI 660.4.0
com.apple.driver.AppleUSBUHCI 656.4.1
com.apple.driver.AppleSmartBatteryManager 161.0.0
com.apple.driver.AppleACPIButtons 2.0
com.apple.driver.AppleRTC 2.0
com.apple.driver.AppleHPET 1.8
com.apple.driver.AppleSMBIOS 2.1
com.apple.driver.AppleACPIEC 2.0
com.apple.driver.AppleAPIC 1.7
com.apple.driver.AppleIntelCPUPowerManagementClient 216.0.0
com.apple.nke.applicationfirewall 153
com.apple.security.quarantine 3
com.apple.driver.AppleIntelCPUPowerManagement 216.0.0
com.apple.driver.DspFuncLib 2.6.0f1
com.apple.vecLib.kext 1.0.0
com.apple.iokit.IOAudioFamily 1.9.5fc2
com.apple.kext.OSvKernDSPLib 1.14
com.apple.kext.triggers 1.0
com.apple.iokit.IOSerialFamily 10.0.7
com.apple.iokit.IOSurface 91
com.apple.iokit.IOBluetoothFamily 4.2.3f10
com.apple.iokit.IOAcceleratorFamily 98.14
com.apple.iokit.IOBluetoothHostControllerUSBTransport 4.2.3f10
com.apple.driver.AppleSMBusController 1.0.11d1
com.apple.driver.AppleSMBusPCI 1.0.12d1
com.apple.driver.AppleBacklightExpert 1.0.4
com.apple.iokit.IONDRVSupport 2.4.1
com.apple.driver.AppleGraphicsControl 3.4.35
com.apple.driver.AppleSMC 3.1.8
com.apple.driver.IOPlatformPluginLegacy 1.0.0
com.apple.driver.IOPlatformPluginFamily 5.7.0d10
com.apple.iokit.IOFireWireIP 2.2.6
com.apple.kext.AMDSupport 1.2.0
com.apple.AppleGraphicsDeviceControl 3.4.35
com.apple.driver.AppleHDAController 2.6.0f1
com.apple.iokit.IOGraphicsFamily 2.4.1
com.apple.iokit.IOHDAFamily 2.6.0f1
com.apple.driver.AppleThunderboltEDMSink 2.1.3
com.apple.driver.AppleThunderboltDPOutAdapter 3.1.7
com.apple.iokit.IOSCSIBlockCommandsDevice 3.6.6
com.apple.driver.AppleThunderboltDPInAdapter 3.1.7
com.apple.driver.AppleThunderboltDPAdapterFamily 3.1.7
com.apple.driver.AppleThunderboltPCIDownAdapter 1.4.5
com.apple.driver.AppleUSBMultitouch 240.9
com.apple.iokit.IOUSBMassStorageClass 3.6.0
com.apple.iokit.IOUSBHIDDriver 660.4.0
com.apple.driver.AppleUSBMergeNub 650.4.0
com.apple.driver.AppleUSBComposite 656.4.1
com.apple.iokit.IOSCSIMultimediaCommandsDevice 3.6.6
com.apple.iokit.IOBDStorageFamily 1.7
com.apple.iokit.IODVDStorageFamily 1.7.1
com.apple.iokit.IOCDStorageFamily 1.7.1
com.apple.driver.AppleThunderboltNHI 2.0.1
com.apple.iokit.IOThunderboltFamily 3.2.7
com.apple.iokit.IOAHCISerialATAPI 2.6.1
com.apple.iokit.IOSCSIArchitectureModelFamily 3.6.6
com.apple.iokit.IOUSBUserClient 660.4.2
com.apple.iokit.IOEthernetAVBController 1.0.3b4
com.apple.driver.mDNSOffloadUserClient 1.0.1b5
com.apple.iokit.IO80211Family 630.35
com.apple.iokit.IONetworkingFamily 3.2
com.apple.iokit.IOFireWireFamily 4.5.5
com.apple.iokit.IOAHCIFamily 2.6.5
com.apple.iokit.IOUSBFamily 675.4.0
com.apple.driver.AppleEFINVRAM 2.0
com.apple.driver.AppleEFIRuntime 2.0
com.apple.iokit.IOHIDFamily 2.0.0
com.apple.iokit.IOSMBusFamily 1.1
com.apple.security.sandbox 278.11
com.apple.kext.AppleMatch 1.0.0d1
com.apple.security.TMSafetyNet 7
com.apple.driver.AppleKeyStore 2
com.apple.driver.DiskImages 371.1
com.apple.iokit.IOStorageFamily 1.9
com.apple.iokit.IOReportFamily 23
com.apple.driver.AppleFDEKeyStore 28.30
com.apple.driver.AppleACPIPlatform 2.0
com.apple.iokit.IOPCIFamily 2.9
com.apple.iokit.IOACPIFamily 1.4
com.apple.kec.corecrypto 1.0
com.apple.kec.pthread 1
Model: MacBookPro8,2, BootROM MBP81.0047.B27, 4 processors, Intel Core i7, 2.2 GHz, 4 GB, SMC 1.69f3
Graphics: Intel HD Graphics 3000, Intel HD Graphics 3000, Built-In, 384 MB
Graphics: AMD Radeon HD 6750M, AMD Radeon HD 6750M, PCIe, 512 MB
Memory Module: BANK 0/DIMM0, 2 GB, DDR3, 1333 MHz, 0x80AD, 0x484D54333235533642465238432D48392020
Memory Module: BANK 1/DIMM0, 2 GB, DDR3, 1333 MHz, 0x80AD, 0x484D54333235533642465238432D48392020
AirPort: spairport_wireless_card_type_airport_extreme (0x14E4, 0xD6), Broadcom BCM43xx 1.0 (5.106.98.100.22)
Bluetooth: Version 4.2.3f10 13477, 3 services, 23 devices, 1 incoming serial ports
Serial ATA Device: ST9500325ASG, 500.11 GB
Serial ATA Device: HL-DT-ST DVDRW GS31N
USB Device: FaceTime HD Camera (Built-in)
USB Device: Hub
USB Device: Apple Internal Keyboard / Trackpad
USB Device: BRCM2070 Hub
USB Device: Bluetooth USB Host Controller
USB Device: Hub
USB Device: v165w
USB Device: IR Receiver
Thunderbolt Bus: MacBook Pro, Apple Inc., 2
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